APPLICATION OF NPK 15-10-12 FERTILIZER TO INCREASE THE YIELD OF PADDY FIELD, FERTILIZATION EFFICIENCY, AND EFFECTIVITY OF FERTILIZING IN INCEPTISOL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24246/agric.2022.v34.i2.p211-224Keywords:
Reformulation, NPK Compound, Rice fields, Yield, Efficiency, EffectivityAbstract
The quality and effective fertilizers support site-specific nutrient management of paddy fields, which can increase yields and efficiency of fertilizer. Fertilizer formulas should be based on soil nutrient status and crop requirements. This study aims to examine the reformulation of compound NPK fertilizers for lowland rice. The study was conducted in Cibungbulang, Bogor Regency from October 2020 - March 2021. The experimental design was carried out using a randomized complete block design with 10 treatments, and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of five levels of NPK 15-10-12 fertilizer doses, plus control treatment, NPK 15-15-15 and single NPK as standard, and additional treatment with the addition of straw compost. The plots were made measuring 5 m x 5 m. The results showed that statistically, the application of NPK 15-10-12 fertilizer gave the same effect on plant height, the number of tillers, weight of dry grain harvested, the weight of dry milled grain, and weight of dry straw compared to single NPK fertilizer and NPK 15-15-15. The optimum dose of NPK 15-10-12 fertilizer for lowland rice is 220 kg ha-1 combined with Urea at a dose of 225 kg ha-1. At the same dose (300 kg ha-1) the efficiency of NPK 15-10-12 fertilizer (9.70 kg grain kg-1 fertilizer) was higher than NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer (8.47 kg grain kg-1 fertilizer). Higher efficiency is indicated by lower fertilization doses. The RAE value of NPK 15-10-12 (142%) was higher than that of NPK 15-15-15 at the same dose and single NPK. This research implies that the formula for compound NPK 15-10-12 fertilizer can be used as a substitute for compound NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer.
Downloads
References
Archana K., T.P. Reddy, T. Anjaiah, and B. Padmaja. 2018. Effect of level of phosphorus and its time of application on soil nutrient status and yield of rice grown on P accumulated soil. Multilogic in Science. Vol. 8(C): 299-302.
Badan Standardisasi Nasional 2803:2012. 2012. Pupuk NPK padat. 21 halaman.
Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian (BBSDLP). 2017. Peta status hara P dan K tanah sawah di 23 Provinsi di Indonesia. BBSDLP. Bogor.
Balai Penelitian Tanah. 2012. Laporan Kajian Evaluasi Penggunaan Pupuk Majemuk Subsidi NPK 15-15-15, NPK 20-10-10, dan NPK 30-6-8 untuk Padi Sawah. Kerjasama antara Pupuk Sriwidjaja Holding Company dengan Balai Penelitian Tanah, 2011. Bogor.
Chien S. H. 1996. Evaluation of Gafsa (Tunisia) and Djebel Onk (Algeria) phosphate rocks and soil testing of phosphate rock for direct application. In Nutrient Management for Sustainable Crop Production in Asia, Bali, Indonesia, 9- 12 December 1996, p.175-185. Edited by A.E. Johnston and J.K. Syers.
Esfahani M., H.R. Ali Abbasi, B. Rabiei, and M. Kavousi. 2008. Improvement of nitrogen management in rice paddy fields using chlorophyll meter (SPAD). Paddy Water Environ (6):181-188.
Esidorus, S. Sagiman, dan Wasi’an. 2017. Pengaruh pemberian kompos jerami padi dan tinggi genangan air terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L) pada tanah alluvial. Agrica Ekstensia, Vol. 11(2):61-66.
Ginting E.N., S. Rahutomo, dan E. S. Sutarta. 2018. Efisiensi serapan hara beberapa jenis pupuk pada bibit kelapa sawit. J. Pen. Kelapa Sawit, Vol 26(2):79-90.
Hye M.A., K.M.M. Rahman, P.P. Das, I.M.A. Hossain, and B.P. Ray. 2019.Contribution of zinc and phosphorus on yield phosphorus and zinc content in aman rice and distribution in post-harvest soil. Horticul. Int. J. Vol. 3(5):209-212.
Ismon, dan W. Siska. 2018. Pengaruh residu pupuk P pada MT I terhadap status P tanah dan hasil padi sawah pada MT II di Kabupaten Dharmasraya, Sumatera Barat. Jurnal Pengkajian Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian. Vol. 21(1):63-72.
Jumakir. 2018. Pengaruh pemupukan NPK dan pupuk organic terhadap produktivitas padi di lahan sawah irigasi Provinsi Jambi. J. Agroecotania Vol. 1(2):22-30.
Kamal M.A., F. Rasul, A. Zohaib, K. Ahmad, T. Abbas, T. Rasool, and M. Mawaz. 2016. Effect of NPK application at various levels on yield and quality of two rice hybrids. Scientific Journal of Seoul Sciences. Vol. 4(1):14-19.
Kasno A., D. Setyorini, dan Nurjaya. 2003. Status C-organik lahan sawah di Indonesia. Kongres HITI VIII Padang, 21-23 Juli 2003. 481-495.
Kasno A. 2017. Karakteristik tanah sebagai dasar pengelolaan hara lahan sawah untuk tanaman padi. Pros. Konser Karya Ilmiah Nasional 2017, Menghadapi Tantangan dan Meraih Kemandirian Pertanian Indonesia. UKSW Salatiga, 5 Mei 2017:20-34.
Kasno A., Nurjaya, dan S. Rochayati. 2019. Efektivitas beberapa formula pupuk majemuk NPK dalam meningkatkan produktivitas padi sawah. Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim. Vol. 43(1):71-81.
Kasno A., T. Rostaman, dan D. Setyorini. 2016. Peningkatan produkstivitas lahan sawah tadah hujan dengan pemupukan hara N, P, dan K dan penggunaan padi varietas unggul. Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim. Vol. 40(2):147-157.
Kasno A., D. Setyorini, and L.R. Widowati. 2021. Cation ratio and its relationship with other soil nutrients of Java intensified lowland rice. 1st International Conference on Sustainable Tropical Land Management. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 648 (2021) 012015 IOP Publishing. DOI:10.1088/1755-1315/648/1/012015
Machay A.D., J.K. Syers, and P.E.H. Gregg. 1984. The ability of chemical extraction procedures to assess the agronomic effectiveness of phosphate rock materials. New Zealand Journal of Agriculture Research. 27:219-230.
Peng J., Y. Feng, X. Wang, Jie Li, Guiling Xu, S. Phonenasay, Qiangxin Luo, Zhili Han, and Wei Lu. 2021. Effects of nitrogen application rate on the photosynthetic pigment, leaf fluorescence characteristics, and yield of indica hybrid rice and their interrelations. Scientifc Reports. (2021) 11:7485.
Peraturan Menteri Pertanian No. 36/ Permentan/SR/10/2017. 2017. Tentang Pendaftaran Pupuk Anorganik. Kementerian Pertanian. Jakarta.
Purnomo J. 2008. Pengaruh pupuk NPK majemuk terhadap hasil padi Varietas Ciherang dan sifat kimia tanah Inceptisol. Pros. Nasional dan Dialog Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian. Bogor, 18-20 November 2008:341-352.
Rehim A., M.Zafar-ul-Hye, M. Imran, M.A. Ali, and M. Hussain. 2014. Phorphorus and Zinc application improves rice productivity. Pakistan Journal of Science. Vol. 66(2):134-139.
Samijan, T.R. Prastuti, dan Warsito. 2017. Evaluasi lapang rekomendasi pemupukan padi sawah berdasarkan pemupukan hara spesifik lokasi berbasis internet di Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Planta Tropika: Jurnal Agrosains. Vol. 5(1):23-33.
Samira D., Sufardi, Zaitun, Chairumas, A. Gani, P. Slavich, and M. McLeod. 2012. Effect of NOK fertilizer and biochar residue on paddy growth and yield of second planting. The Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference Syiah Kuala University. Banda Aceh, 22-24 November 2012:157-161.
Sikuku P.A., J.M. Kimani, J.W. Kamau, and S. Njinju. 2016. Influence of nitrogen supply on photosynthesis, chlorophyll content and yield of improved rice varieties under upland condition in Western Kenya. American Journal of Experimental Agriculture. 13(2):1-14.
Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI). 2012. Pupuk NPK Padat. SNI 2803:2012. Badan Standardisasi Nasional (BSN), ICS 65.080. Jakarta.
Susanto A.N., dan M.P. Sirappa. 2007. Penelitian petak omisi pada kajian system usahatani padi lahan sawah irigasi di Kabupaten Buru. Pros. Seminar Nasional: Akselerasi Inovasi Teknologi Pertanian Spesifik Lokasi Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan di Wilayah Kepulauan. Hal. 347-357.
Tambunan A.S., Fauzi, dan H. Guchi. 2014. Efisiensi pemupukan P terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) pada tanah Andisol dan Ultisol. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi. Vol. 2(2):414-426.
Wibowo H., and A. Kasno. 2021. Soil organic carbon and total nitrogen dynamics in paddy soils on Java Island, Indonesia. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environ- mental Science 648 (2021). DOI:10. 1088/1755-1315/648/1/012192.
Wihardjaka A., E.S. Hrsanti, andA.N.Ardiwinata. 2022. Effect of fertilizer management on potassium dynamics and yield of raifed lowland rice in Indonesia. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research 82(1):33-43.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
