YURISDIKSI INDONESIA SEBAGAI NEGARA PANTAI DALAM PROTEKSI KAPAL KARAM SEBAGAI WARISAN BUDAYA BAWAH LAUT

Sakina Fakhriah; Arie Afriansyah

doi:10.24246/jrh.2022.v7.i1.p123-142

Authors

Sakina Fakhriah
Arie Afriansyah Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24246/jrh.2022.v7.i1.p123-142

Keywords:

Historic Shipwreck, Jurisdiction, Coastal State

Abstract

This article discusses coastal states’ rights and duties for the search, use, and protection of underwater cultural objects as mandated by international law regulated in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS 1982) and the Convention on the Underwater Cultural Heritage (UCH Convention). This paper finds that UCH protection in Indonesia is insufficient due to regulatory disharmony and inconsistency. The paper also finds that Indonesia has not ratified the UCH Convention due to the discrepancy between UCH Convention’s fundamental principles and Indonesia’s interests. This article uses a comparison method to several national regulations. In closing, the article tries to explain the appropriate measures for relevant agencies in formulating an effective UCH protection and management strategy, by outlining the obstacles and strategic steps that the Indonesian government can implement without having to ratify the UCH Convention. One of the recommended measures is to arrange regulatory reforms by strengthening Indonesia's sovereignty, setting a strict permit procedure, and constructing a more structured control and supervision, as well as improving inter-agency coordination.

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