STIGMA DIANTARA REPUBLIK MALUKU SELATAN “RMS”: PEMBANGUNAN DAN DEMOKRASI DI MALUKU
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24246/kritis.v31i1p39-58Keywords:
Stigma, Conflict, Democracy, Republik Maluku SelatanAbstract
The integration of the states of the Republic of the United States of Indonesia into the Republic of Indonesia including the State of East Indonesia triggered the independence movement by Dr. Christian R.S. Soumokil by proclaiming the Republic of South Maluku (RMS) 1950. Even though it was defeated in 1966, the stigma about RMS is still attached and associated with Maluku culture. This attached stigma then strengthened when the RMS issue reappeared during the 1999 humanitarian conflict. One of the factors that triggered the revival of this movement was dissatisfaction the state during Suharto's 32-year rule. The cancellation of several national development projects to public protests accused of being part of the RMS Movement became a challenge to democracy in Maluku. Democratization in the reformation period has provided space for people who had been silent to express their dissatisfaction through actions against the government. The emergence of RMS tests how far the quality of community democracy has on human development in Maluku.
Downloads
References
Abts, K. & Rummens, S., 2007. Populism versus Democracy. Political Studies, Volume 55
Aditjondro, G.J, 2001, Cermin Retak Indonesia, Cermin, Yogyakarta
Aditjondro, G.J, 2010, Galang Press Media Utama, Yogyakarta
Berlo, David K. 1960. The Process of Communication: An Introduction to Theory and Practice. New York
Bertrand, Jacques, 2004, “Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict in Indonesia”, Cambridge University Press, New York
Braddock, Kurt, 2020, Weaponized Words : The Strategic Role of Persuasion in Violent Radicalization and Counter – Radicalization, Cambridge University Press, United Kingdom.
Brown, Graham,dkk, 2005, Overcoming Violent Conflict volume IV : Peace and development analysis in Maluku and North Maluku,CPRU-UNDP, LIPI and BAPPENAS, Jakarta.
Chauvel, R. 1990, “Nationalists, Soldiers, and Separatists”, KILTV Press, Leiden
Creswell, John W, 2014, Research Design : Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, Sage Publications, USA.
De fretes, Christian H.J, 2016, Kemunculan Isu RMS dan Pengaruhnya dalam konflik Ambon 1999, Cakrawala Jurnal Penelitian Sosial 5 (1), Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana.
Eriyanto. 2001. Analisis Wacana : Pengantar Analisis Teks Media. Yogyakarta : PT. LKiS Pelangi Aksara.
Frost, D. M. (2011). Social stigma and its consequences for the socially stigmatized. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 5(11), 824-839. DOI: 10.1111/j.1751- 9004.2011.00394.
Gore, Albert ,The Assault of Reason, London : Penguin Books Ltd, 2017
Gurr, T.R. “Minorities at Risk”, 1993, United States Institute of Peace Press, Washington DC
Hadi, Syamsul, dkk, 2007, Disintegrasi Pasca Orde Baru : Negara, Konflik Lokal, dan Dinamika Internasional, Centre for International Relations Studies (CIReS) dengan Yayasan Obor Indonesia, Jakarta
Hanitzsch, Thomas, dkk, 2002, Media-Militer-Politik. “Crisis Communication : Perspektif Indonesia dan Internasional”, Galang, Yogyakarta
Petersen, Roger D, 2002, Understanding Ethnic Violence, Cambridge University Press
Pieris, John, 2004, Tragedi Maluku : Sebuah Krisis Peradaban, Yayasan Obor Indonesia, Jakarta.
Suaedy, Ahmad, 2000, Luka Maluku : Militer Terlibat, Institut Study Arus Informasi, Jakarta.
Sudibyo, Agus, 2001, Politik media dan Pertarungan Wacana, LkiS, Yogyakarta.
Tilly, Charles. 2005. Identities, Boundaries, and Social Ties. Boulder, CO: Paradigm Publishers
Tilly, Charles. 2007. Democracy. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Wiryanto, 2000, teori komunikasi massa,Grasindo, Jakarta
Yani, Buni, 2002, Reporting the Maluku sectarian conflict : “The Politic of Editorship in Kompas and Republika Dailies”, Southeast Asian Studies Center For International Studies.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Ketika penulis menyerahkan artikelnya kepada Jurnal Studi Pembangunan Interdisiplin KRITIS, dan jika artikel tersebut disetujui oleh Dewan Editor untuk diterbitkan maka HAK CIPTA dari Artikel tersebut melekat pada Jurnal Studi Pembangunan Interdisiplin KRITIS. Pihak Dewan Editor dapat memperbanyak memperbanyak Artikel tersebut dengan tetap mencantumkan nama penulis.
