INDONESIA DAN PERKEMBANGAN NORMA HAK MENENTUKAN NASIB SENDIRI: APRESIASI DAN REFLEKSI

Abdul Munif Ashri; Javier Maramba Pandin; Hans Giovanny Yosua; Syahwal

doi:10.24246/jrh.2025.v10.i1.p91-116

Authors

Abdul Munif Ashri Fakultas Hukum Universitas Hasanuddin
Javier Maramba Pandin Magister Ilmu Hukum Universitas Gajah Mada
Hans Giovanny Yosua Komisi untuk Orang Hilang dan Korban Tindak Kekerasan (KontraS)
Syahwal Fakultas Hukum Universitas Negeri Semarang

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24246/jrh.2025.v10.i1.p91-116

Keywords:

Indonesia, the right to self-determination, independence

Abstract

The Indonesian Constitution asserts that independence is the right of all nations. This collective right arises from the experience of colonialism and becomes the normative foundation of Indonesia's foreign policy. Using an evaluative research approach, this paper examines Indonesia's role in shaping international norms on the right to self-determination. This paper highlights Indonesia's active diplomacy through the 1955 Asian-African Conference, its involvement as a sponsor country in the preparation of the 1960 Declaration of Independence to Colonial States and Nations, and its alignment with Palestinian independence. On the other hand, this paper critically reflects on East Timor's decolonization and the dynamics of the Papuan conflict to evaluate Indonesia's stance on self-determination. This study shows that Indonesia supports the norm but consistently prioritizes national unity and territorial integrity in responding to separatist conflicts. The paper also underlines that, in the case of Papua, the internal aspects of the right to self-determination must be strengthened, which can be achieved by resolving conflicts in a dignified manner through inclusive dialogue.

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