KEBUN KAS DESA SEBAGAI AGEN TRANSISI TATA KELOLA COMMONS YANG INKLUSIF
Studi Kasus pada Kebun Kas Desa di Kabupaten Ketapang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24246/kritis.v35i1p1-25Keywords:
Kebun kas desa, penguasaan lahan, friksi produktif , commons inklusifAbstract
Fokus penelitian ini adalah isu penguasaan lahan pada sektor sawit melalui studi kasus Kebun Kas Desa (KKD) di Kabupaten Ketapang, Kalimantan Barat. Ekspansi perkebunan sawit menciptakan dominasi penguasaan lahan oleh korporasi yang mengeksklusikan masyarakat perdesaan dari akses terhadap sumber daya agraria. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan fakta empiris terkait perkembangan implementasi KKD, kemudian melakukan konseptualisasi model pembangunan desa sawit. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode kualitatif. Pengambilan data di lapangan dilakukan pada bulan Januari–Februari 2025 dan mencakup 8 desa di 5 kecamatan. Sumber data berupa wawancara mendalam dengan 37 narasumber dari berbagai kategori serta analisis dokumen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa fenomena KKD menjadi titik balik dominasi penguasaan lahan oleh korporasi menuju penguasaan lahan oleh masyarakat. Kehadiran lembaga pengelola KKD menjadi friksi produktif sekaligus membawa KKD ke fase transisi dari kondisi dependen-eksklusif menuju desa yang mandiri-inklusif. Perbup KKD juga berfungsi sebagai mekanisme counter exclusion bukan sekadar mekanisme kuasa eksklusi. Meski demikian, Perbup KKD perlu ditingkatkan menjadi Peraturan Daerah serta aspek pembiayaan dan lokasi KKD perlu diperjelas. Perlu disegerakan Peraturan Desa KKD untuk mengintegrasikan KKD ke dalam sistem administrasi keuangan dan perencanaan pembangunan desa.
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