THE SYNERGISTIC EFFECT OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER FROM AGRICULTURAL-ANIMAL HUSBANDRY WASTE AND ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHAZAL FUNGI ON SOIL FERTILITY AND PERFORMANCE OF UPLAND RICE (Oryza sativa L) IN ULTISOL SOIL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24246/agric.2025.v37.i2.p181-198Keywords:
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Organic fertilizer, Ultisol, Soil fertility, Upland riceAbstract
Degraded Ultisol soils are characterized by low fertility, strong acidity, and poor nutrient retention, posing major constraints to sustainable upland rice cultivation. Integrating bio-organic inputs such as agricultural–livestock organic fertilizer (OF) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation has the potential to enhance soil fertility and nutrient cycling through complementary biological mechanisms. Methods a field experiment was conducted using a 4×4 factorial randomized block design combining four levels of organic fertilizer (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%) and four levels of AMF inoculation (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%). Physico-chemical characteristics of the soil, organic amendments, and AMF inoculum were analyzed before treatment. Soil nutrient status, AMF colonization, and upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) performance were evaluated under each treatment. The results revealed significant main and interaction effects between OF and AMF levels on soil fertility and plant growth. The combined treatment OF₅₀AMF₅₀ produced the highest increases in soil organic carbon, available P, exchangeable cations (K, Ca, Mg), and root colonization rate. AMF inoculation improved nutrient uptake efficiency, while organic fertilizer enhanced soil structure and microbial activity. The synergistic effects stem from enhanced organic matter mineralization and AMF-mediated nutrient mobilization, resulting in improved nutrient cycling and yield performance. The integration of organic fertilizer and AMF inoculation represents an effective and sustainable management strategy for improving soil fertility, nutrient use efficiency, and upland rice productivity in marginal Ultisol soils. These findings support the adoption of bio-organic systems as an eco-efficient approach to restoring soil health and enhancing crop resilience in tropical dryland agriculture.
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